Lesson 1 of 6

The parts of the flute

A Native American flute has two chambers. You blow into the first; the second makes the sound. Here's the path your breath takes.

Close-up side view of the flute's sound mechanism with the exit hole, ramp, flue, block, sound hole and splitting edge labeled
The sound mechanism, cut down the middle. Air flows left to right.
Breath hole
The small hole at the end you blow into.
Slow air chamber
The first chamber. It slows and steadies your breath. It doesn't affect the pitch.
Plug
Solid wood that separates the two chambers.
Exit hole and ramp
Air leaves the slow air chamber through the exit hole. The ramp is the slope on the plug that turns the air up into the flue.
Flue
A thin channel over the plug, covered by the block. It shapes your breath into a flat ribbon of air.
Block (or bird)
The piece tied on top that covers the flue. Its front edge lines up with the sound hole.
Sound hole (TSH, "true sound hole")
The opening where the sound is made. The air ribbon crosses it and hits the splitting edge.
Splitting edge
The sharp edge at the far side of the sound hole. The air flips above and below it hundreds of times a second: that is the sound. Its two bevels (top and underside) are set by angles in the calculator.
Sound chamber
The long chamber from the sound hole to the foot. Its length sets the lowest note.
Finger holes
Opening a hole makes the air column shorter, so the note goes up. Holes are numbered from the top.
Direction holes
A pair of holes near the foot that set the lowest note, letting the flute run a little longer for looks and tone.
Bore
The inside diameter of the chambers.